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Inoculant can promote graphitization, reduce whitening tendency, improve graphite morphology and distribution, increase the number of eutectic clusters and refine matrix structure. It has good effect in a short time (about 5-8 minutes) after inoculation. It is mainly applicable to general elements or instantaneous incubation in later stage in various situations. Inoculation treatment refers to the addition of a small amount of other substances to the liquid metal during solidification process to promote nucleation, inhibit growth and achieve the purpose of grain refinement. Traditionally, adding additives to cast iron is called inoculation treatment, and adding additives to non-ferrous alloys is called modification treatment. In essence, inoculation treatment mainly affects nucleation and promotes grain dissociation, while modification treatment changes the growth mechanism (inhibiting growth) of crystals, thereby affecting the morphology of crystals.

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